Corneal anesthesia, diagnosis of Horner’s syndrome
Mechanism of Action
Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, causes vasoconstriction, and provides corneal anesthesia
Available Quantities
Not commercially available as ophthalmic solution
Dosage/Instructions
1 drop of 2% solution for corneal anesthesia; duration approximately 20 minutes
Pregnancy & Nursing
Limited data; potential risks to the fetus not well established
Pediatric Use
No studies
Contraindications, side effects, etc.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to cocaine hydrochloride or other ester-based local anesthetics.
Warnings/Precautions: May cause seizures, increase blood pressure and heart rate. Avoid use in patients with certain cardiovascular conditions and those on vasoconstrictors or monoamine-oxidase inhibitors.
Common Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, and sinus tachycardia.
