Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride 2.5%, 10%
ophthalmic solution
Mydriatics/Cycloplegics
[ Sympathomimetic Amine]
Indication
Mydriasis, breaking posterior synechiae, diagnostic test for Horner’s syndrome
Mechanism of Action
Phenylephrine is an α-1 adrenergic receptor agonist used for dilation of the pupil due to its vasoconstrictor and mydriatic action. Phenylephrine possesses predominantly α-adrenergic effects. In the eye, phenylephrine acts locally as a potent vasoconstrictor and mydriatic, by constricting ophthalmic blood vessels and the radial muscle of the iris.Maximal mydriasis occurs in 20-90 minutes with recovery after 3 to 8 hours.Systemic absorption of sufficient quantities of phenylephrine may lead to systemic α-adrenergic effects, such as rise in blood pressure which may be accompanied by a reflex atropine-sensitive bradycardia.
Available Quantities
2 ml, 3 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml
Dosage/Instructions
Instill 1 drop of 2.5% or 10% solution every 3 to 5 minutes with a max of 3 drops per eye. If <1 year, do not use 10%.
Pregnancy & Nursing
No teratogenicity in rats at clinically relevant doses
Pediatric Use
All ages (2.5%)
Contraindications, side effects, etc.
Contraindications: Allergic reaction to phenylephrine or related compounds.
Warnings: Phenylephrine can elevate blood pressure and may increase intraocular pressure. Use cautiously in patients with narrow-angle glaucoma.
Common Side Effects: Common side effects include transient blurred vision, photophobia, stinging or burning sensation, and temporary increases in blood pressure and intraocular pressure.